Synonyms & Antonyms of auditory of, relating to, or experienced through the sense of hearing I have a bad auditory memory—unless I see a word in writing, and not just hear it, I forget it easily. Comparison of auditory brainstem response and auditory steady state response audiometry by evaluating the hearing thresholds obtained in children with different severity of hearing loss Instead of simply looking to see which parts of the brain were most active while listening, both studies examined the sensitivity of the brain to subtle.

Auditory learning is a learning style in which a person learns through listening. An auditory learner depends on listening and speaking as a main way of learning.^[1] Auditory learners must be able to hear what is being said in order to understand and may have difficulty with instructions that are drawn but if the writing is in a logical order it can be easier to understand. They also use their listening and repeating skills to sort through the information that is sent to them. They are good listeners when people speak.^[2]

The Fleming VAK/VARK model, one of the most common and widely used categorizations of the various types of learning styles,^[3] categorized the various types of learning styles as follows: visual learners, auditory learners, reading/writing-preference learners, and kinesthetic learners (also known as 'tactile learners').^[4]

Characteristics[edit]

Auditory learners may have a knack for ascertaining the true meaning of someone's words by listening to audible signals like changes in tone. When memorizing a phone number, an auditory learner will say it out loud and then remember how it sounded to recall it.

Auditory learners are good at writing responses to lectures they’ve heard. They’re also good at oral exams, effectively by listening to information delivered orally, in lectures, speeches, and oral sessions.

Proponents claim that when an auditory/verbal learner reads, it is almost impossible for the learner to comprehend anything without sound in the background. In these situations, listening to music or having different sounds in the background (TV, people talking, music, etc.) will help learners work better.

Auditory learners are good at storytelling. They solve problems by talking them through. Speech patterns include phrases “I hear you; That clicks; It's ringing a bell”, and other sound or voice-oriented information. These learners will move their lips or talk to themselves to help accomplish tasks.^[1]

Recommended techniques[edit]

Proponents say that teachers should use these techniques to instruct auditory learners: verbal direction, group discussions, verbal reinforcement, group activities, reading aloud, and putting information into a rhythmic pattern such as a rap, poem, or song.^[1]

Prevalence[edit]

Auditory learners make up about 30% of the population.^[5]

Lack of evidence[edit]

Although learning styles have 'enormous popularity', and both children and adults express personal preferences, there is no evidence that identifying a student's learning style produces better outcomes, and there is significant evidence that the widely touted 'meshing hypothesis' (that a student will learn best if taught in a method deemed appropriate for the student's learning style) is invalid.^[6] Well-designed studies 'flatly contradict the popular meshing hypothesis'.^[6] Rather than targeting instruction to the 'right' learning style, students appear to benefit most from mixed modality presentations, for instance using both auditory and visual techniques for all students.^[7]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcKostelnik, M.J., Soderman, A.K., Whiren, AP. (2004). Developmentally Appropriate Curriculum: Best Practices in Early Childhood Education (3rd ed.). Columbus: Pearson, Merrill Prentice Hall.
2. ^Vincent, A.; Ross, D. (2001). 'Learning Style Awareness'. Journal of Research on Computing in Education. 33: 1–10.
3. ^Leite, Walter L.; Svinicki, Marilla; and Shi, Yuying: Attempted Validation of the Scores of the VARK: Learning Styles Inventory With Multitrait–Multimethod Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models, pg. 2. SAGE Publications, 2009.
4. ^LdPride. (n.d.). What are learning styles? Retrieved October 7, 2008
5. ^Heller, Steven, and Terry Steelblahe. Monsters and Magical Sticks. Gay Falcon. 55.
6. ^ ^abHarold Pashler; Mark McDaniel; Doug Rohrer; Robert Bjork (2009). 'Learning Styles: Concepts and Evidence'. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 9 (3): 105–119. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01038.x. ISSN1539-6053. PMID26162104.
7. ^Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E., Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning. A systematic and critical reviewArchived December 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. London: Learning and Skills Research Centre.

Avg (ms)

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A few notes on auditory reaction times

Audio vs Visual Reaction Times

Numerous studies (included cited study below) have concluded that the mean auditory reaction time is faster than the mean visual reaction time. This means you will react faster to a sound than you would a light. The short explanation is that sound takes less time to reach the brain than does visual information. The study concluded a mean 331 millisecond reaction time for sound vs. a mean auditory reaction time of 284 milliseconds.

Age

Reaction times tend to rise through adolescence and peak around age 24 and slowly fall back down.

Gender

Multiple other studies (included the cited study) have concluded that men have faster auditory reaction times than women. The exact reason is unknown, but speculation has been made that the reaction time is influenced by different cognitive strategies employed by females.

Dominant Hand

A study showed that people who are left handed tend to have an inherent advantage in reaction times when using their dominant hand. The idea is that left handers have better right/left hemisphere brain communication.

Type of Sound

The type of sound actually matters. A study showed that humans react faster to non-speech sound vs. speech.

Practice & Errors

Practice is actually shown to increase reaction speed. However if a subject makes an error, there reaction speed will decrease because they are more cautious.

Fatigue

A fatigued subject will react slowly than someone more awake and alert.

Arousal

Reaction time is fastest during intermediate levels of arousal. If a subject is too aroused or not aroused enough, there reaction times slow.

Stimulus Intensity

If a sound is very faint the reaction time will be longer. The stronger the sound becomes, the faster the reaction time, until a point where it levels off.

Warnings

Auditory Cortex

If a subject is giving a warning that a stimuli is coming soon, they react faster.

Distraction

Distractions are shown to increase reaction times.

Alcohol

Alcohol has been shown to slow reaction times as it slows muscle activation.

Stimulants

Stimulant drugs have shown to increase reaction speeds.

Personality

Two studies concluded that people who were extroverted and/or anxious had faster reaction times.

Breathing Cycle

Reaction times are faster when the stimulus is presented during exhalation vs inhalation.

Exercise

Physically fit subjects had faster reaction speeds than those who did not exercise.

Punishment, Stress, & Threats

Punishment, stress and threats have all been shown to increase reaction speeds in several studies.

Intelligence

Intelligent test subjects have been shown to have faster reaction speeds.

Illness

Subjects who are ill have shown to have slower reaction speeds.

Technical Notes

Times can vary depending on your operating system, CPU, audio card and device. A standard delay compensation has been built into the test, but your results will vary.

Disclaimer

Note: This auditory test is primarily meant for fun. The reaction times do not directly correlate with the animals' actualy performance times, but are intended as a metaphor for your performance.

Auditory Hallucinations

Auditory Tube